Prevention Of Bacteria Yellow Spot Disease 05/08/2021

BSc Ngo Thanh Tung

After the Summer-Autumn crop has just been harvested, farmers who grow fragrant rice varieties like (Dai Thom 8, OM 18, OM 5451) are very sad because the yield is not high, an average of 500kg to 600kg for 1,000m2, after spending money. Finally ,farmers are in break even  and some households have suffered heavy losses, plus the current price of rice is falling. Many causes of rice yield decrease such as: panicle mite, panicle collar blast,  white fly,bacteria yellow spot disease, which causes severe damage due to abnormal weather, hot sun in the daytime. and scattered rain at night on the  rice crop that is about to have earing and when blooming evenly.Subjectively, fellow farmers  did not pay attention to preventing this disease from the beginning.

Bacterial agent (Pseudomonas glumae) causes damage in fields with excessive nitrogen fertilization and high air humidity, pathogens found in the air, soil and water often cause many Summer-Autumn crops due to heavy rain and storms.

The disease causes damage when the rice is from milking stage to curved tamarind, on the panicle, there are erect spiky branches bearing many of unfilled grains, but the husk still retains the normal color without discoloration, while the other spiky branches into the rice are bent down. The disease causes early damage that causes unpollinated rice blooms and husks to turn dark yellow, Late-disrupting disease, separating the husks, showing loose rice grains, deformed and watery brown stains

 

Bacteria yellow spot disease causing damage on rice panicle

According to IRIR research, this disease causes severe damage and reduces rice yield by more than 50% (Kaku, Zeigled and Alvarez-1988).

Select disease resistant varieties.

Balanced fertilizer application, limit over-spreading nitrogen and over-spraying foliar fertilizers with high nitrogen content, increase potassium fertilizer in the earing blooming stage.

Sparse sowing, sowing in rows from 80-120kg/ha to allow ventilation of canopy.

Visit the fields regularly to monitor the disease and take timely preventive measures.

Using special anti-bacterial products such as Saipan 2SL, Alpine 80WG alternately sprayed the rice with a few panicles and after blooming evenly , it was possible to mix (Trizole 400SC, Pylacol 700WP) to prevent rice blast and discoloration.

According to the experience of Mr. Danh Cuong, Thanh Tri hamlet, Thanh Tri commune, Tan Hiep district, Kien Giang (SPC farmers) use the above spray formula to ensure the prevention of bacteria  yellow spot disease , The field gives high yield. After deducting costs, farmers earn a profit of 2.5 million to 3 million for a big cong (1,300 m2 instead of 1,000 m2 The ancient unit of land measurement in the western provinces in South Vietnam) and he is very interested in product sets for this disease prevention.

 

Same item

To prevent, in addition to plowing and burying weed seeds, collecting weed stalks and stumps left after tilling the land to burn, not letting weeds produce seeds in production fields, etc., the use of chemical products is still a measure. optimal because of its ability to thoroughly kill weeds, reduce labor and take advantage of more time than manual weeding.To prepare for the coming Summer-Autumn rice crop, we would like to introduce to you a very new product of Saigon Plant Protection Joint Stock Company, which is Butoxim 5GR. This is a granular product used for spreading by Saigon Plant Protection Joint Stock Company in research, production and distribution.

 

 Miner has the scientific name Phyllocnistis citrella Staint., family Phyllocnistidae, order Lepidoptera. The  miner occurs in many countries in the tropics and subtropics. The main host of the miner is the citrus family - Rutaceae. In addition, the miner also attacks mangosteen and some other plants.

 

Adult is a small planthopper, with a body 2-3 mm long, the whole body is ash gray, slightly greenish, the wings are opaque with many small brown spots.Eggs are oval, 0.3 mm long, have a pointed end and are attached directly to the leaf surface, leaf axils.Larvae are very small, oval in shape, newly hatched are bright yellow. Age 2 and age 3 are in green. Age 4 and age 5 are golden brown and 2 small wing sprouts.

 

Green bugs specialize in the fruit of citrus groups (oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapefruits, kumquats...), some people call them orange bugs, or orange suckers. Their scientific name is Rhynchocoris poseidon or Rhynchocoris humeralis.

 In Vietnam, yellow leaf curl disease is very common on papaya trees, especially the disease is often severe in areas of high and continuous planting, areas with hot and arid climates. The disease has significantly reduced the yield and quality of papaya. Gardens that are infected early when the plants are young may not yield. However, up to now, many gardeners still do not know the cause and how to fix it.

 

 Spider mites are common pests on citrus trees, especially in hot and dry climates that are suitable for spiders to grow and cause severe damage.The group of harmful spiders is usually very small in size, unlike the natural enemy spiders.Spiders have a very short life cycle, high reproductive ability, create many generations in a year, so it is easy to break out into epidemics in a short time.

 

 This group includes species that are generally very small in size, causing damage by sucking plant sap (on leaves, fruits, branches, stems).

There are many species of mealybugs present on the group of Oranges,Tangerines,Grapefruits and Lemons (Citrus), which can be divided into 2 groups:

+ Group of sticky mealybugs with common varieties such as Lepidosaphes, Aonidiella, Coccus and Saissetia.

+ Group of flower mealybugs with common genera and species such as Pseudococcus, Planococcus and Icerya purchasi.

Dry branches and berries disease often appear to be common damage on coffee gardens during the rainy season. The disease causes death of branchs, dry fruit, severely affects the canopy structure and coffee yield if not paid attention to prevention.

  

 Pink disease commonly causes diseases on rubber plantations in the rainy season, especially on garden from 4-8 years old. This year, rubber has to go through a period of severe drought, weakening the tree, so now in tnshe rainy season it is easy to get infected. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to good management to avoid affecting the garden.

In recent years, the area of citrus has been expanded because it is a fruit tree with high economic efficiency. However, in order to sell at a high price, not only in quality but consumers also require the external beauty of the fruit, so pest management on citrus is a matter of great concern to farmers. The hot season is a favorable condition for thrips to develop and cause damage, affecting the commercial value of fruit.

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