Durian Damaging Anthracnose 19/11/2021

Ph.D. Nguyen Minh Tuyen

Symptoms and harms:

On durian, the disease usually affects the leaves. Initially, the disease usually occurs on the edge or tip of the leaf, then spreads inward. The common identifying feature of anthracnose lesions on the leaves of some plants is that there is usually a black border between the diseased and healthy leaves, followed by a yellow halo, and then the healthy leaves. Infected leaves and shoots will dry out and fall prematurely. Severe disease will cause the leaves to be damaged and fall a lot, the tree will lose strength, affecting the growth and development of the tree.

 

Pathogens and suitable conditions for the disease to arise and develop:

- Disease caused by Colletotrichum sp fungus.

- The disease develops in conditions of high humidity and fog. In particular, the disease often infects strongly at the stage of young shoots, newly-opened young leaves in favorable weather conditions. In gardens with little care, or with poor care such as unbalanced fertilization, excess nitrogen and lack of microelements, the infertile branches in the garden are not pruned, the foliage is dense, the garden is shaded, and there is a lack of sunlight. If the humidity is high, the disease is often severe.

Preventive measures:

- Before the new crop, it is necessary to clean the garden, remove weeds, prune diseased branches and infertile branches hidden in the foliage to open the canopy, let sunlight shine easily to limit moisture. high. Reasonable pruning also helps to spray insecticides to prevent pests and diseases favorably

- Fertilize fully and in a balanced manner, avoiding excessive nitrogen fertilization. Enhance some micronutrients for plants with foliar fertilizer: TANO 601 at the stage before flowering, to help plants increase resistance to diseases, enhance differentiation of flower buds, to have more flower buds, conditions to increase yield and fruit quality.

- In the period of strong growth, leaves and young shoots, if encountering high humidity or fog, you need to spray preventively with PYLACOL 700WP, or CLEARNER 75WP, mixed with a dosage of 300g of product/100 liters water, to evenly wet the canopy. During the rainy season, the above product can be combined with SK ENSPRAY 99EC mineral oil to increase and prolong the effect of the product.

- In the growth stages of the plant, if disease is early detected in the garden, it can be sprayed twice 7-10 days apart.

 

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To prevent, in addition to plowing and burying weed seeds, collecting weed stalks and stumps left after tilling the land to burn, not letting weeds produce seeds in production fields, etc., the use of chemical products is still a measure. optimal because of its ability to thoroughly kill weeds, reduce labor and take advantage of more time than manual weeding.To prepare for the coming Summer-Autumn rice crop, we would like to introduce to you a very new product of Saigon Plant Protection Joint Stock Company, which is Butoxim 5GR. This is a granular product used for spreading by Saigon Plant Protection Joint Stock Company in research, production and distribution.

 

 Miner has the scientific name Phyllocnistis citrella Staint., family Phyllocnistidae, order Lepidoptera. The  miner occurs in many countries in the tropics and subtropics. The main host of the miner is the citrus family - Rutaceae. In addition, the miner also attacks mangosteen and some other plants.

 

Adult is a small planthopper, with a body 2-3 mm long, the whole body is ash gray, slightly greenish, the wings are opaque with many small brown spots.Eggs are oval, 0.3 mm long, have a pointed end and are attached directly to the leaf surface, leaf axils.Larvae are very small, oval in shape, newly hatched are bright yellow. Age 2 and age 3 are in green. Age 4 and age 5 are golden brown and 2 small wing sprouts.

 

Green bugs specialize in the fruit of citrus groups (oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapefruits, kumquats...), some people call them orange bugs, or orange suckers. Their scientific name is Rhynchocoris poseidon or Rhynchocoris humeralis.

 In Vietnam, yellow leaf curl disease is very common on papaya trees, especially the disease is often severe in areas of high and continuous planting, areas with hot and arid climates. The disease has significantly reduced the yield and quality of papaya. Gardens that are infected early when the plants are young may not yield. However, up to now, many gardeners still do not know the cause and how to fix it.

 

 Spider mites are common pests on citrus trees, especially in hot and dry climates that are suitable for spiders to grow and cause severe damage.The group of harmful spiders is usually very small in size, unlike the natural enemy spiders.Spiders have a very short life cycle, high reproductive ability, create many generations in a year, so it is easy to break out into epidemics in a short time.

 

 This group includes species that are generally very small in size, causing damage by sucking plant sap (on leaves, fruits, branches, stems).

There are many species of mealybugs present on the group of Oranges,Tangerines,Grapefruits and Lemons (Citrus), which can be divided into 2 groups:

+ Group of sticky mealybugs with common varieties such as Lepidosaphes, Aonidiella, Coccus and Saissetia.

+ Group of flower mealybugs with common genera and species such as Pseudococcus, Planococcus and Icerya purchasi.

Dry branches and berries disease often appear to be common damage on coffee gardens during the rainy season. The disease causes death of branchs, dry fruit, severely affects the canopy structure and coffee yield if not paid attention to prevention.

  

 Pink disease commonly causes diseases on rubber plantations in the rainy season, especially on garden from 4-8 years old. This year, rubber has to go through a period of severe drought, weakening the tree, so now in tnshe rainy season it is easy to get infected. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to good management to avoid affecting the garden.

In recent years, the area of citrus has been expanded because it is a fruit tree with high economic efficiency. However, in order to sell at a high price, not only in quality but consumers also require the external beauty of the fruit, so pest management on citrus is a matter of great concern to farmers. The hot season is a favorable condition for thrips to develop and cause damage, affecting the commercial value of fruit.

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