Death disease on sweet potato vines
17/12/2021
BSc. Kim Xuan Loc Sweet potato vines have long helped farmers out of poverty on their land, but in recent years, a disease has begun to appear that causes mass death of sweet potato vines, leading to many sweet potato farming households with heavy losses. There have been many sweet potato fields that almost lost everything because of this disease. It is the death disease of vine (death with purple vine) on sweet potato plants, also known as yellow wilt disease, which is making sweet potato growers feel anxious every time they enter a new crop. Symptoms of the disease: The death disease on sweet potato vines is caused by the Fusarium sp fungus. The fungus invades and causes damage to the root of the sweet potato vine, 2-3 cm above the ground. They cause the vine to have dark brown wounds running along the vine.
These wounds block the vessels, making it difficult to transport water and nutrients, causing poor vine growth. At first, the leaf margins on older leaves are blood-colored, purple buds appear as Phosphorus deficiency phenomenon, cross-section of the stalk shows that the internal vessels is dark brown. Then the old leaves begin to turn yellow and wilt. Severe disease causes the vine being dry death. Symptoms are most obvious when the weather is rainy and sunny suddenly, the temperature is about 300C. The time from the time the vine showed symptoms of the disease to the wilt death of the tree lasted for months.
Preventive measures: - Crop rotation of other crops. - Use cuttings from disease-free potato fields. - Clean up crop residues after harvest. - Uproot and destroy severely diseased plants. - Balanced fertilization Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Potassium. Add trace elements to sweet potatoes. - Before making the soil, add lime to disinfect, prevent fungal diseases and raise soil pH to help plants grow and develop well. - Before doing bed, apply rotten manure or microbial organic fertilizer (eg HCVS1 VIETSTAR) to stabilize the soil structure, increase humus, loose soil and destroy harmful pathogens in the soil. - Should add CALCIUM NITRATE 02 times/crop to increase the immunity of the roots and resistance to the potato vines. - Death disease of sweet potato is vine is difficult to treat, so it is necessary to pay attention to monitor the potato fields and proactively spray early disease prevention with BIMA products or copper-based products. Recently, the team of crop doctors of Saigon Plant Protection Joint Stock Company cooperated with farmer household Ho Thanh Dung, Thanh Trung commune, Binh Tan district, Vinh Long province to implement a model of spraying to prevent death disease of sweet potato is vine. With the treatment process of pesticides as follows, the disease prevention effect is quite successful: + Pre-preventive spraying: After 15 days of planting, treat with Dipomate 430SC or Mexyl MZ 72WP on the bed, with a dose (0.5 liters of Dipomate 430SC / 200 liters of water or 0.5 kg of Mexyl MZ 72WP / 200). liters of water) to irrigate 1000 m2. Then, every 20 days, irrigate once again until 1 month before harvest. + When the disease appears scattered in the potato field: Conduct treatment immediately with either Dipomate 430S or Mexyl MZ 72WP, irrigate 03 times continuously, 07 days apart. Then maintain irrigating once every 20 days until 1 month before harvest. |
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