Damaging borer of cashew tree trunks, roots and branches 19/01/2022

MSc Huynh Kim Ngoc

The trunk and branch borer is a type of longhorn beetle, with a year-long life cycle, the borer penetrates the trunk, causing serious damage on old, thickly planted, densely planted cashew gardens with little care. There are two types of trunk borers:

+ The trunk borer is a longhorn beetle, the female insect lays eggs in the cracks in the bark, about 1.5 meters down from the trunk, then the worm eats the soft bark and then drills deep inside to form zigzag tunnels. where drilled site shows extrusion of excrement and sawdust out , when the borer makes a circle around the trunk, then saptube is cut off, the tree dies and dries up. Pests focus on July to September of the year.

+ Branch borer is also a type of longhorn beetle but has a black color, the female lays eggs on the flower buds, dry shoots, the newly-hatched larvae drill tunnels from the top of the buds to the large branches below, making the branches dry and brittle when carried. heavy fruit or heavy rain or strong wind.

 

Preventive measures:

Because the stem borer bores deep into the trunk and branches, it is very expensive and ineffective to use products, so it is necessary to visit the garden regularly for early detection and timely prevention. It is necessary to apply integrated measures such as:

+ Planting sparsely.

+ Pruning branches, creating canopy: Pruning branches in the canopy, ineffective branches, branches close to the ground, dry branches to help open the canopy, pruning twice a year, the first time after harvest: April, fertilize in phases 1, 2nd: Around September, fertilize the 2nd phase. Branches after pruning, collecting and destroying to control larvae or pupae are still inside.

+ Use light traps to catch adults to limit egg laying, traps are set between March and April, lighting time is from 6pm to 6am the next day.

+ Early detection of newly-drilled worms, using hands to catch larvae, pupae, eggs, harmful branches should be sawed and destroyed.

+ Lime or apply Bordeaux solution to the base or mix insecticides such as Sairifos 585 EC or Diaphos 50EC with slurry in a ratio of 1:4 and sweep it up to 1.5 meters above the ground at the beginning of the dry season to prevent worms from laying eggs into the base.

+ Spray with systemic products or fumigants such as Diaphos 50EC, Sairifos 585EC, Lancer 50SP to repel in the adult stage (April - June) or kill newly hatched caterpillars. If the density is very deep, spray once every 15-20 days.

+ If the worm has penetrated deep inside, you can use zinc or a knife to open the mouth wide and then use a syringe to inject insecticide or put a few seeds of Diaphos 10G or Sargent 6G in the mouth of the hole... then use clay. close the hole.

 

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Adult is a small planthopper, with a body 2-3 mm long, the whole body is ash gray, slightly greenish, the wings are opaque with many small brown spots.Eggs are oval, 0.3 mm long, have a pointed end and are attached directly to the leaf surface, leaf axils.Larvae are very small, oval in shape, newly hatched are bright yellow. Age 2 and age 3 are in green. Age 4 and age 5 are golden brown and 2 small wing sprouts.

 

Green bugs specialize in the fruit of citrus groups (oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapefruits, kumquats...), some people call them orange bugs, or orange suckers. Their scientific name is Rhynchocoris poseidon or Rhynchocoris humeralis.

 In Vietnam, yellow leaf curl disease is very common on papaya trees, especially the disease is often severe in areas of high and continuous planting, areas with hot and arid climates. The disease has significantly reduced the yield and quality of papaya. Gardens that are infected early when the plants are young may not yield. However, up to now, many gardeners still do not know the cause and how to fix it.

 

 Spider mites are common pests on citrus trees, especially in hot and dry climates that are suitable for spiders to grow and cause severe damage.The group of harmful spiders is usually very small in size, unlike the natural enemy spiders.Spiders have a very short life cycle, high reproductive ability, create many generations in a year, so it is easy to break out into epidemics in a short time.

 

 This group includes species that are generally very small in size, causing damage by sucking plant sap (on leaves, fruits, branches, stems).

There are many species of mealybugs present on the group of Oranges,Tangerines,Grapefruits and Lemons (Citrus), which can be divided into 2 groups:

+ Group of sticky mealybugs with common varieties such as Lepidosaphes, Aonidiella, Coccus and Saissetia.

+ Group of flower mealybugs with common genera and species such as Pseudococcus, Planococcus and Icerya purchasi.

Dry branches and berries disease often appear to be common damage on coffee gardens during the rainy season. The disease causes death of branchs, dry fruit, severely affects the canopy structure and coffee yield if not paid attention to prevention.

  

 Pink disease commonly causes diseases on rubber plantations in the rainy season, especially on garden from 4-8 years old. This year, rubber has to go through a period of severe drought, weakening the tree, so now in tnshe rainy season it is easy to get infected. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to good management to avoid affecting the garden.

In recent years, the area of citrus has been expanded because it is a fruit tree with high economic efficiency. However, in order to sell at a high price, not only in quality but consumers also require the external beauty of the fruit, so pest management on citrus is a matter of great concern to farmers. The hot season is a favorable condition for thrips to develop and cause damage, affecting the commercial value of fruit.

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